ICAO Approach Classifications: Difference between revisions

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* 2D IAP - lateral, a 2D lateral approach must have conducted in last 90 days
* 2D IAP - lateral, a 2D lateral approach must have conducted in last 90 days
* Azimuth IAP - an Azimuth approach must have been conducted in the last 90 days
* Azimuth IAP - an Azimuth approach must have been conducted in the last 90 days
==Forecasts, Observations and minimas==
===IFR takeoff minima===
* 300 feet for single-engine IFR
===Forecast===
* A TAF is a forecast of expected conditions at an aerodrome with 5 miles of the Aerodrome Reference Point <ref.http://www.bom.gov.au/aviation/data/education/awp-taf.pdf</ref> with the following types:
** TAF AMD = amended
** TAF CAN - cancelled
** TAF NIL - none will be issued
** PROV  TAF - provisional Aerodrome forecast
* A TEMPO is a forecast of weather change that may occur betweee\n 30 minutes and kess than 60 minutes - i.e. its buffer is 60 minutes.
* An INTER is a forecast of weather change that may occur between 30 minute or less.
When the TEMPO and INTER is over the weather reverts to the previous conditions of forecast (in a TAF) after the buffer period.
* A BECMING in a forecast is a permanent expected change in the weather within 2 hours and not more than 4 hours.
*  PROB is only used for Thunder Storms
* A SPECI is a special report when actual conditions deteriorate
An Operational Requirement to divert or hold occurs when airport arrival overhead is within buffer period of the forecast.
* when Thunderstorms are predicted in the TAF and arrival time falls within the buffer of 30 mins
===Observations===
* A METAR is an observation of conditions made on the hour or half-hour by a human, or automatially by an AWS <ref group="note">With AWS METARS are automatically reported when called up and report the current conditions</ref>.
* A SPECI is a special report of meteorological conditions, issued when one or more elements meet specified criteria significant to aviation. SPECI is also
used to identify reports of observations recorded 10 minutes following an improvement (in visibility, weather or cloud) to above SPECI conditions
=notes=
=notes=
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<references group="note"/>
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Latest revision as of 15:08, 14 February 2025

ICAO approach classifications

Instrument licences are divided between 2D and 3D IAP endorsements, and there are cases where pilots do not have access to a 2D IAP, or in some remote areas have no access to 3D IAP.

2D IAP are divided between:

  • Lateral guidance with Course Deviation Indicator, and
  • Azimuth Guidance via a relative bearing indicator.

An instrument rating initial issue must test a 2D IAP [1] [2].

2D IAP covers:

  1. NDB
  2. VOR and LOC [note 1]
  3. DGA (DME/GNSS arrival)
  4. RNAV GNSS LNAV (RNP LNAV) or RNAV GNSS LP (RNP-LP)

3D IAO covers:

  1. Precision: ILS with LOC and GS

3D does not cover:

recency

Recency requirements to conduct an IAP:

  • 3D IAP - a 3D approach must have conducted in last 90 days
  • 2D IAP - lateral, a 2D lateral approach must have conducted in last 90 days
  • Azimuth IAP - an Azimuth approach must have been conducted in the last 90 days

notes

  1. ↑ If you have shown competency conducting VOR approaches, CASA considers you skilled enough to conduct LOC approaches. A LOC approach is flown with reference to the VOR when the ILS GS signal fails (and the NAV is switched back to the VOR frequency).
  2. ↑ Even if your aircraft system displays GS, due to advisory limitations and the lack of IAP minimas published in Australian a VNAV / LVP approach must be flown to 2D minimas and does not satisfy the requirements of demonstrating a 3D approach.

references

  1. ↑ https://www.casa.gov.au/licences-and-certificates/pilots/ratings-reviews-and-endorsements/instrument-ratings/instrument-approach-operations#2DIAPand3DIAPendorsements
  2. ↑ https://www.casa.gov.au/performance-based-navigation

categories

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